4 Types Of Allergies in Children And Remedies

Lactose Intolerance: Understanding The Causes, Symptoms, And Practical Solutions

Considering the fact that about seventy per cent of the world population, primarily Asian, African and South American people are known to suffer from lactose intolerance, the lack of awareness about the same comes across as a rude shock. With some choosing to confuse the condition with milk allergies or lactose malabsorption and others simply refusing to acknowledge the symptoms at all, this is a condition that's often misconstrued by the common man.

Here, we try to decode the common genesis of this problem along with ways to tackle and deal with the same.

Understanding the cause

"Lactose intolerance occurs when the small intestine produces insufficient amounts of lactase, an enzyme needed to digest lactose, a sugar found in dairy products. This deficiency can be genetic, age-related, or triggered by intestinal conditions like Crohn's disease or celiac disease. Without enough lactase, lactose passes undigested into the colon, where bacteria ferment it, leading to symptoms," shares Dr Imran Shaikh, HPB Surgeon and GI Oncosurgeon at Wockhardt Hospitals, Mumbai Central. As a condition that's proclaimed to develop or get worse over time, early care and precaution becomes of the utmost importance to prevent long-term effects.

How to classify the cause

Broadly dissected into four categories, the causes of this condition are none too few.

Primary lactose intolerance, the most widely found type, is caused due to the natural depletion of the enzyme lactase in the body with age which prevents lactose breaking down into simpler sugars in the small intestine.

The other type, known as secondary lactose intolerance, is more rarely found in people suffering from some disease in their small intestine which negatively impacts the production of lactase. 

Congenital lactose intolerance is a rare condition present from birth caused by a genetic defect which inhibits the yield of lactase in the body.

Often found in cases of premature birth, developmental lactose intolerance occurs as a result of an underdeveloped small intestine in the newborn.

Symptoms

Depending on parameters like lactose deficiency level and amount of lactose consumed by the individual, the symptoms can range from placid to profound. Abdominal pain, bloating, gas, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting can commonly occur as a result of lactose indigestion which can subsequently lead to weight loss, dehydration and electrolyte imbalance in the long term.

"In some cases, people may experience cramping or a feeling of fullness. Symptoms typically appear 30 minutes to two hours after consuming dairy and can vary day-to-day. Though uncomfortable, lactose intolerance symptoms are generally not life-threatening but can significantly impact quality of life if untreated," shares Dr Shaikh. 

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Impact on daily life

While the symptoms may seem passable to many, their impact on the person suffering from them is bound to interrupt their daily clockwork. Recounting her personal experience of being affected by this condition, Jhanvi Jain, a second-year graduate student narrates, "Beyond the social aspect, it affects my daily routine significantly. From missing out on simple pleasures like a morning cappuccino to having to double-check every food label, it requires constant vigilance. Dining out becomes a challenge and sometimes, I have to settle for the most boring options on the menu just to avoid discomfort. It's an ongoing struggle, but over time, I've learned to adapt and find alternatives that work for me." 

Dealing with the problem

Akshata Chavan, clinical dietician at Wockhardt Hospitals, Mumbai Central reveals, "People with lactose intolerance should avoid milk, cream, butter, soft cheeses, and processed foods containing hidden lactose. Instead, they can consume lactose-free dairy products, plant-based alternatives like almond or soy milk, and take lactase enzyme supplements. Probiotic-rich foods like yogurt with live cultures can also support gut health."

A system of checks and balances must be put in place by building small but effective actions over time such as avoiding processed foods and prescription medications. Vigilance is key in battling the condition by checking nutrition labels and ingredient lists on food before buying them to avoid any negative after-effects. Chavan further adds, "Lifestyle changes include keeping a food diary, eating small portions of dairy if tolerated, staying hydrated, incorporating calcium-rich alternatives, and managing stress through techniques like yoga. Consulting a dietician can ensure proper nutrient intake." At the end of the day, it's important to understand and focus on your individual needs in order to strike an optimal balance.

Debunking common myths

Rather than placing our faith in fickle assumptions and clichés, it's always advised to let the professionals have the final word in dealing with such health-related concerns. "A common myth is that lactose intolerance means completely avoiding all dairy; however, many people can tolerate small amounts of lactose or certain dairy products like hard cheeses and yogurt. Another misconception is that it is the same as a milk allergy, but lactose intolerance is an enzyme deficiency, not an immune reaction. It's also wrongly believed to only affect adults; lactose intolerance can develop at any age. Lastly, some think it's a rare condition, but it's quite common globally," shares Dr Shaikh. 

At the end of the day, it's critical to understand that lactose intolerance impacts different people in disparate ways. Rather than trying to fit the condition in a mould, it's better to recognize and appreciate our personal needs in order to lead a steady life.

Allergies To Dental Materials

Suspected allergies in dentistry should be confirmed by an allergy test conducted by a dermatologist or allergist, due to the potential for a life threatening allergic reaction or the development of a long-term occupational disability. When an allergy test to a certain dental material is found to be positive, the dental team should take appropriate precautions to eliminate the use of the offending allergen by using alternative materials, for example, latex-free gloves or nickel-free alloys.

Research demonstrates that there are numerous potential allergens in everyday dental practice. However, currently there is not enough evidence to indicate that use of popular dental materials should be discontinued. Nevertheless, the dental team should remain vigilant and acutely aware of the potential of the many available dental materials and products to cause allergic hypersensitivity within the mild to severe range, both intra-orally and at unrelated parts of the body. Materials that warrant particular awareness include latex, nickel, methacrylate, eugenol and polyether impression materials.

References available from the author on wiltshir@cc.Umanitoba.Ca.

Box 1: Test yourself

1. What proportion of orthodontic patients with pierced ears is allergic to nickel?

A. 60% B. 20% C. 30%

2. When did latex allergy become more common?

A. 21st century B. 1980s C. 1940s

3. A Type IV reaction is:

A. Delayed B. Immediate C. Fatal

ANSWERS: 1C, 2B, 3A.

Is Lactose Intolerance Reversible? New Treatment May Help

Functional neurology is gaining attention as a new strategy to address lactose intolerance. Some people who struggle with bloating, diarrhea, and other discomfort tied to dairy consumption have begun to look beyond standard remedies. 

Experts say this new line of treatment could be a game-changer, but many wonder if it's too good to be true.

Functional neurology and lactose intolerance

A study led by NeuroReEvolution has explored the use of functional neurology sessions for people with stubborn lactose intolerance. 

"Despite the fact that the most common treatments include dietary changes and the use of supplements, many people continue to deal with uncomfortable symptoms," said Vicente Javier Clemente Suárez, a professor of nutrition who participated in the study. 

Functional neurology therapy aims to improve the body's ability to process lactose through the use of specific treatments, such as targeted exercises, and reflex adjustments that tune communication between the brain and the gut.

What causes lactose intolerance?

Lactose intolerance is common across the globe. It occurs when the intestine lacks enough lactase, an enzyme that helps break down milk sugar. 

If lactase levels drop, that sugar travels farther along the digestive tract and can trigger painful symptoms. Some individuals only experience mild discomfort, while others confront harsher reactions such as vomiting or extreme diarrhea. 

Linking nerves to digestion

Functional neurology merges principles of neurology with a broad view of how nerves guide the body's response to food.

Experts typically concentrate on the gut alone when dealing with lactose intolerance. In this newer approach, a practitioner looks for nervous system glitches that can affect how the gut handles dairy. 

A therapy session may include gentle tests, motion-based tasks, and other methods meant to help the body regain ease around milk products. Many practitioners believe these techniques can restore normal feedback loops, though others want longer trials to confirm lasting benefits.

Addressing the root causes of lactose intolerance

"Although the therapy can improve quality of life by reducing symptoms, more research is still needed to fully understand its effectiveness," explained Professor Suárez.

While a few participants noticed fewer bathroom runs and less bloating, lab data still spotted lingering signs of lactose malabsorption. This means that the therapy may ease the severity of symptoms but might not address the root causes of lactose problems.

Milk consumption and genetics

Historical records indicate that communities in Europe began using milk many millennia ago. This continued even before most adults developed the genetic ability to break down milk sugar in large amounts. 

Though modern times have seen lactase persistence become relatively common in some regions, many people still face issues with dairy.

Unraveling these genetic quirks may help to explain why certain groups can drink milk without concern, while others battle sharp cramps after a single glass.

Improving the way the brain regulates digestion

Many lactose-intolerant individuals rely on lactose-free foods or enzyme supplements. But the idea of improving the way the brain regulates digestion has drawn interest from those who keep searching for a more comfortable life. 

"There is still much to be investigated. It is important to understand how this therapy can be effectively integrated into the treatment of lactose intolerance," said Professor Suárez.

The researchers noted that larger studies with wider pools of participants are needed to determine how well functional neurology works over time. 

If more proof emerges, it could blend nicely with standard dietary approaches, especially for people who can't seem to shake their discomfort.

Future research directions

Some researchers say the therapy might shine most in cases where lactose intolerance hits hard. Others, including those at NeuroReEvolution, suggest combining this approach with standard care so patients can keep enjoying dairy foods. 

Archaeological findings show humanity's love for milk is hardly new. If additional exploration confirms that improving neural function helps reduce pain, there may be cause for optimism. 

At the moment, experts view functional neurology as a possible source of relief when dietary changes alone may not be enough.

The full study was published in the journal Life.

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